al. Röteln (pl.), Fr. Rubéole (f), Eng. German Measles. An infectious disease caused by a specific virus. Nagner first distinguished the disease from measles and scarlet fever in 1829. In 1938, Hiro and Tasaka succeeded in transmitting the disease to healthy people through experimentation and found that the cause was a virus.
The disease increases mostly in winter and spring, it does not cause large epidemics. It is transmitted by contact. It is more common in children between the ages of 2-10. It is rare among adults. Incubation period: It varies between 15-25 days. The disease begins with a mild cold and fever. High fever decreases to normal in 3-4 days, the patient has some weakness, mild headache, cold and conjunctivitis (eye inflammation). On the third day, the rash starts on the head and face and spreads to the neck and trunk. The rashes are pink in color, round and slightly raised from the skin. It is less common than the measles rash. They wither in 2-3 days. Rubella is mild. The lymph nodes in the neck enlarge in groups. Rubella is especially dangerous for the children of mothers who have the disease in the first trimester of pregnancy. The rubella virus transmitted to the child disrupts the child's normal development and causes the child to be born with some abnormalities (heart abnormalities, eye abnormalities, deafness, etc.). When diagnosing rubella should not be confused with other rash diseases.
Rubella rubella has a mild course that does not require treatment and has a good course. Bed rest is recommended for patients. A light diet (fasting) is given until the fever subsides. Aspirin and vitamins may also be given if needed. Isolation of patients for one week is sufficient to prevent transmission. It is important to protect pregnant women from rubella. If a pregnant woman has not had rubella as a child, contact with children with rubella should be strictly avoided. Gamma globulin should be administered to women at risk of infection. The rubella vaccine, which provides a weak immune system, can also be given to pregnant women who have not had rubella (dead vaccine). Live vaccines are not administered to pregnant women.
Rubella is a recurrent infectious disease. The best method of vaccination is to vaccinate girls with live vaccines and to examine those who have reached maturity and revaccinate only those who are not immune.
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