What is Babylon?

summary

The ideographic and syllabic writing system in which the Old Babylonian language was written ancient Babylonian inhabitants

overview

Akkadian (/əˈkeɪdiən/ akkadû , 𒀝𒅗𒁺&# 74513; ak-ka-du-u2 ; logogram: 𒌵𒆠 URI ) BC It is an extinct East Semitic language spoken during the 30th-century Mesopotamian (Akkadian, Assyrian, Isin, Larsa, and Babylonian) periods, until the gradual displacement and final extinction of Akkadian-influenced Eastern Aramaic between the eighth century and the Mesopotamians. in the first to third centuries CE.
It is the oldest proven Semitic language. In essence, he used the cuneiform script used to write the unrelated and extinct Sumerian (a language isolate). Akkadian is named after the city of Akkad, a major center of Mesopotamian civilization during the Akkadian Empire (2334–2154 BC), but the language itself dates back to BC. It predates the establishment of Akkad for centuries, which was first accepted in the 29th century.
The mutual influence between Sumer and Akkaç had led scholars to define languages ​​as sprachbund. Akkadian proper names were first attested in Sumerian texts from the mid-3rd millennium BC. From the second half of the 3rd millennium BC (about 2500 BC), fully written texts begin to appear in Akkad. There is an extensive textual tradition that includes thousands of texts and text fragments engraved to date, including mythological narratives, legal texts, scientific studies, correspondence, political and military events, and many other examples. In the 2nd millennium BC, two different forms of the language were used in Assyria and Babylon, known as Assyria and Babylon.
For centuries, it was the mother tongue in Mesopotamian countries such as Akkad, Assyria and Babylonia. Due to the might of various Mesopotamian empires such as the Akkadian Empire, Ancient Assyrian Empire, Babylonian and Central Assyrian Empire, Akkad became the lingua franca of much of the Ancient Near East. However, BC. During the Neo-Assyrian Empire of the 8th century, it began to be marginalized by Aramaic during the reign of Tepe-Pileser III. By the Hellenistic period, language was largely confined to scholars and priests working in temples in Assyria and Babylon.
The last known Akkadian cuneiform is from the first century AD. Neo-Mandaic spoken by Europeans and Assyrian Neo-Aramaic spoken by Assyrians are two of several modern Semitic languages ​​that contain some Akkadian vocabulary and grammatical features. It is a fusional language with an Akkadian grammatical case; and like all Semitic languages, Akkadian uses the consonant root system. Kültepe texts written in ancient Assyria had Hittite credit cards and names, constituting the earliest records of any language of the Indo-European languages. Dead words in the southern dialect of Akkadian. Southern Mesopotamia has a record of wedge-shaped (wedge-shaped) characters from the 20th to the 1st century, but has been gradually replaced by the Aramaic language since the 6th century. The content of the material is more cultural than the Syriac language, the language of the Hanmurapi code.

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