overview
Fasciola hepatica, also known as the common liver fluke or sheep liver fluke, Trematoda is a parasitic trematode (fluke or flatworm, a type of helminth) of the phylum Platyhelminthes class. It infects the livers of various mammals, including humans. The disease caused by fluke is called fasciolosis or fascioliasis, which is a type of helminthiasis and is classified as a neglected tropical disease. Fasciolosis is currently classified as a plant/foodborne trematode infection obtained by eating the metacercaria of parasites encapsulated on plants. Distributed worldwide, F. hepatica has been known for decades as a major parasite of sheep and cattle, causing significant economic losses to livestock and 23 million pounds in the UK alone. Due to its relatively large size and economic importance, it has been the subject of much scientific research and may be the best known of any trematode species. The closest relative of F. hepatica is Fasciola gigantica. These two slums are sister species; They share many morphological features and can mate with each other. A parasite species belonging to the leech-like trematode family of the flatworm trematode. Fasciola hepatica to be distributed in Japan, morphological Europe, to be distributed in Australia penetration, and large (huge) medium-type penetration F.gigantica belong to Hawaii, such as Asia, Africa, distribution. It is usually found in herbivores such as cattle, ovis rams and goats, but it also parasitizes humans. The insect body has a body length of 20 to 30 mm and a body width of 8 to 13 mm and is leaf-shaped, but is characterized by a protruding conical shape of the mouth sucker. In the intermediate host Austropeplea occidentalis it transforms into a cercariae, escapes into water, into aquatic plants, etc. It attaches and becomes a larva (metacercariae). Serial, myoga etc. When these attached larvae are taken orally, they are deprived in the small intestine, penetrate the intestinal wall and enter the abdominal cavity, and then invade through the liver surface, causing mechanical damage and necrosis of the liver. tissue, causing infection. After 7 to 8 weeks, it passes into the bile duct and eventually becomes an adult. Symptoms such as high fever, epigastric pain, and eosinophilia may occur until the passage into the bile duct, but may cause gallstone-like attacks after passage. There is also an immunological diagnostic method, but it is certain whether a worm egg with a size of 154-171 μ × 82-95 μ is detected in the bile by stool test or duodenal probe. In some cases, the disease has been caused by eating raw beef liver, so if there are newly hatched larvae in the gastrointestinal tract or in the liver of cattle, they can be a source of infection and cases also occur in large cities. Bitionol is effective for treatment.
Somei Kojima Farm animals eat rice straw and metacercariae grass and become infected, but exhibit symptoms such as anemia, weight loss, edema, stunted growth and abnormal milk, and ruminant livestock such as cattle and ovis appear. interest. It seriously hinders production and cultivation, and the economic loss is enormous.
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Shigekazu Motoyoshi
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