overview
At the meeting of the National Constituent Assembly in Nanking on December 25, 1946, the fifth and current Chinese constitution was declared on December 25, 1947, where the ROC still had nominal control of Mainland China and this constitution was implemented. officially accepted in history. Officially recognized by the Constitution of the Republic of China, this made China (at that time approximately 450 million people) the most populous "paper democracy" in the world. Since December 7, 1949, the ROC has controlled the "free zone of the Republic of China", Taiwan, Penghu, Quemoy, Matsu, Pratas and Taiping Islands, the only territories not lost to the Chinese Communists in the Chinese Civil War. .It was originally drafted by the Kuomintang (KMT) as part of the third phase of national development (i.e. representative democracy) and established a central republic with five branches of government. Although the Constitution was designed for the whole of China, it was neither heavily nor effectively implemented as the KMT was completely engulfed in civil war with the Chinese Communist Party at the time the KMT was officially proclaimed.
Following the KMT's withdrawal to Taiwan in 1949, Transitional Provisions Entered During the Communist Revolt (“Temporary Provisions” for short) gave unconstitutional powers to the KMT government. Despite the constitution, the ROC was an authoritarian one-party state. Democratization began in the 1980s. Martial law was lifted in 1987 and the Transitional Provisions were repealed in 1991 and the Constitution was amended to reflect the loss of government in mainland China and the realization of Cross-Strait relations, and the Constitution eventually formed the basis of a multi-party democracy.
In the 1990s and early 2000s (decade), the constitution's origins in China led supporters of Taiwan's independence to push for a new Taiwanese constitution. However, attempts by the Democratic Progressive Party administration to create a new Constitution during DPP Chairman Chen Shui-bian's second term failed because he controlled the then-opposition Kuomintang Legislative Year. It was agreed only to renew the Constitution of the Republic of China, not to create a new one. It was finally replaced in 2005 with the approval of both the KMT and the DPP. The most recent revision to the constitution took place in 2004. Sun Yat-sen's constitutional theory was proposed in 1905, along with the Three Principles of the Chinese People. Gomen legislative, judicial, administrative, expert examination, monitoring. Sun Yat-sen's original five principles of separation of rights, which added the ancient Chinese expert examination (the right to government official recruitment) and inspection (the right to dismiss) to the Western European formula. It took place in the five-party system of national government established in 1928 posthumously. It is the basis of the Constitution of the Republic of China in 1947.
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